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B. E. GARD.

Motor. l N0. 237,728. Patented Feb. 15,1881.

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' Motor. No. 237,728. Patentd Feb. 15, |881.

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` UNITED STAT-Es 'PATENT OFFICE.

BENJAMIN F. GARD, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

MOTOR.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 237,728, dated February15, 1881.

Application led June 29, 1880. (No model.) .4

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, BENJAMIN F. CARD, of

, the city of Brooklyn, county of Kings, State of 'N ew York, haveinvented a new and useful Improvement in Motors, of which the followingis a specification.

This invention relates especially to that class ot' motors in which thevapor of bisul-z phide of carbon is utilized to obtain a force orpressure.

It is a well-known fact that the material referred to is a powerfulsolvent-of the oils or. fats generally used for lubricating purposes,while it evaporates quickly at ordinary tem` peratures, and to theseproperties thereof is due mainly the failure of its successfulintroduction into use up to the present time. In other words, all motorspermitting the use of a vapor, as of bisulphide of carbon, demand theliberal use of lubricants to overcome friction,or are productive of lossor waste by the escape of thevapor.

The general object of this invention is to ob-l tain a motor adapted tothe successful and economical use of the vapor of bisulphide ofcarbon-namely, by the combined effects. of minimum friction and amaximum confinement of the vapor.

This invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in whichFigure l represents a vertical section. top View, partly in section.Fig. 2it is a detail view of the supply-valve. Fig. 3 is ahorizontal'section on the line x m, Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a similarY sectionon the line y y, Fig. l. Fig. 5 is a vertical section of thevaporizing-chamber. Fig. 5* is a side view of the drivingwheel. Fig. 6shows a modification of the core of the vaporizing-chamber,corresponding to Figs. 8 and 9. Fig. 'i' is a detail view of thecut-oft'. Figs. S and 9 show a modification of the invention.

Similarletters of reference indicate like parts in all the figures.

rlhe letter A designates a chamber, to which the bisulphide of carbon isadmitted. For the admission of the bisulphide of carbon to thisvaporizing-chamber A, I make use ot' a valve, B, which is arranged atthe top of such chamber, and constructed with triple ways a, more Yorless, (see Figs. 2 and 2*, whereby steam or atmospheric air, or both,may be admitted Fig. 2 is a plan or alternately with the bisulphide ofcarbon. The shape of the vaporizing-chamber A is that of an annulus, andinto the same is fitted a driving wheel or drum, O, which turns on avertical axis, as hereinafter more fully described, and which isconstructed, essentially, ofia series of blades, bent or curvedsubstantially similar to those of a turbine, such blades be' ingconnected together at the top and bottom by suitable heads or rings,with the spaces beltween them left open orfvacant.

Communicating with the vaporiZing-chamber A is a condenser, D, throughwhich a stream of water or other liquid is kept running by means ofpipes a a. for the condensation ofthe vapor, while between thevaporizingchamber and such condenser is interposed a cut-off, F. This cut-offconsists of disks b b, one of which has ports b', (see Fig. 7,) arrangedin a circle concentric to the disk, while the other is constructed withgates b2 for closing the ports. In the example shown the number ofthegates b2 is unequal to that of theports b', so that the two do notregister with each other in any position of the cut-oft' disks, and itfollows that the communication between the vaporizing-chamber A andcondenser D is never entirely cut-off. If desired, however, the portsand gates b b2 may be so arranged as to be capable of registering witheach other.

One of the cut-oftdisks b b constitutes the lower head or ring of thedriving-wheel O, and hence it partakes of motion of such wheel, whilethe other disk is a iixture of the partition-platebetween thevaporizing-chamber A and the condenser D, as shown in Fig. 1, so that itis immovable; or it is attached to the core Gr of thevaporizing-chainber, as shown in Fig. 8, where such core is movable orarranged to turn, as hereinafter more fully described.

Surrounding the vaporiZing-chamber A is a heating-chamber, O, to whichare connected pipes c c, for the admission and discharge of steam orother heating agent. v

On the inner surface ot' the wallv ofthe vaporizing-chamber A is formeda series of blades,

In the example shown in Fig. l, the core Gr.'

of the vaporizing-chamber is fixed, the same being secured to a rod, H,rising from the bottom of the condenser D, and the drivin g-wheel C ismounted on a shaft, I, projecting therefrom in opposite direction, thelower part of' such shaft being tubular, and being stepped in a block,do, at the base of the rod H, which latter passes through it, while theupper part of such shaft passes through a stuffing-box, c, at the top ofthe vaporizing-ehamber.

In the example shown in Figs. S and 9 the core G of' thevaporizing-chamber is secured to a shaft, I', while the driving-wheel Cis mounted on gudgeons I2, the lowerone ot' which turns in a block, d',resting on the bottom of the condenser D, and constitutes a step for thelower end of the shaft I', while the upper gudgeon is a fixture of abevel-wheel, J, which is geared with a similar wheel, J', keyed on theshaft I by means of wheels J2.

On the surface of the core Gr of the vaporiZing-chamber is formed aseries of blades, c, which extend in longitudinal or vertical directionswhen the core is fixed, as in Fig. l, and which are bent or curved, butin opposite direction to the blades of the driving-wheel C, as clearlyshown in Fig. 6, when the core is lnovable, as in Figs. S and 9.

On the upper or outer portion of the shaft I or Il is mounted aneccentric, K, having a rod,j`, whereby it is connected to a rock-shaft,N, carrying the supply-valve B to the vaporizing-chamber, so that anoscillating motion is imparted to this valve by lneans of the shaft.

rlhe ways a ofthe supply-valve B are arranged in the are of a circle ofwhich the roekshaf't N is the center or axis, and hence such ways arealternately brought into play in the motion of' the valve.

In the condenser D is arranged an agitator, I), consisting of bars whichare attached either to the lower part of the shaft I, as in Fig. l, orto the lower gudgeon, I, as in Fig. S, and which carry arms z,projecting downwardly therefrom.

In applying the apparatus to use, bisulphide of carbon, together withsteam or atmospheric air, or both, arc admitted to the vaporizingchamberA, wherein the bisulphide of carbon at once takes the form of vapor,which impinges against the blades of the driving-wheel C, and imparts tothe latter a rapidly-revolving motion. The action of the steam admittedto the valiorizing-chamber A is to heat said chamber, and to increasethe expansive properties of the bisulphide of carbon, while that of theair is to intensify such action. After the vapor has exerted its forceon the drivingwheel C it escapes into the condenser D, wherein it isfatonce condensed or reliquefied, together with the steam, and whence itesscapes with the water through the pipes a. The escape ofthe spentvapor from the vaporizing-chamber A to the condenser D is regulatedbythe cut-off F. The vapor is caused to take a downward course in thevaporizingchamber A, and is reflected upon the driving- Wheel C throughthe medium of the vertical channels formed therein by the blades d onthe wall, and also by the blades c on thecore of such chamber when theblades last named are arranged as in Fig. 1.

When the blades c are bent or curved and the core of thevaporizing-chamber is arranged as in Figs. S and 9, the vapor has a likeeffect on the core as on the driving-wheel C, the niotion ofthe core,however, beingin an opposite direction to the driving-wheel.

The, effect of the heating-chamber O is to prevent waste or loss of heatfrom the vaporizin g chamber A by radiation, While the action of theagitator P is to produce waves on the water flowing through thecondenser D, and thus to increase its cooling-surface, a revolvingmotion being imparted to the agitator by its support.

It should be remarked that my apparatus is capable of othermodifications than those herein described, one such modification beingto make the block d and rod H and core G tubular, and the upper end ofthe core Gperfor-ated with small holes, so that the bisulphide of carbonor other liquid or vapor may be inliected into the vaporizi11g-chamber Awhen the apparatus is arranged as in Fig. l.

IVhat I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a motor, the combination of a vaporizing-ehamber, a driving-wheelfitted in to such chamber, and a condenser communicating therewith, thewhole constructed and adapted to operate substantially as described.

2. In a motor, the combination of a vaporizing-chamber, a supply-valveto such cham'- ber having triple ways, more orless, a drivingwheelfitted into the vaporizing-chambcr, and a condenser communicatingtherewith, the whole constructed and adapted to operate substantially asdescribed.

3. In a motor, the combination of a vaporizing-chamber, a drivin g-wheelfitted into such chamber, a condenser, and a cut-off interposed betweenthe vaporizing-ehamber and the condenser, the whole constructed tooperate substantially as described.

LI. In a motor, the combinationfof a vaporizing-chamber constructed withlongitudinal or vertical blades on the wall thereof, 'a driving-wheelfitted into such chamber, and a condenser communicating therewith, thewhole constructed and adapted to operate substantially as described.

5. In a motor, the combination of a vaporiZing-chamber constructed withlongitudinal or vertical blades both on the wall and the core thereof, adriving-wheel fitted into such chamber, and a condenser communicatingtherewith, the whole constructed and adapted to operate substantially asdescribed.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 21st day of June,1880.

BENJAMIN F. GARD. In presence of'- SEYMOUR BURRELL, PATRICK ROACH.

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